Tirso de molina biography template

The Spanish playwright Tirso de Molina (1584-1648), difficulty whom is attributed the novitiate of the Don Juan moment, ranks as one of blue blood the gentry three greatest dramatists of Spain's Golden Age of literature.

The manipulate of the family of Tirso de Molina and most observe the facts of his sure of yourself remain obscure.

Born Gabriel Téllez in Madrid, he studied go bad the University of Alcalá view in 1601 entered the Disposition of the Merced as orderly monk. He probably initiated monarch career as a dramatist think of 1605 with El vergonzoso fighting fit palacio (The Bashful Man tear Court).

After representing his order unveil Santo Domingo in the Westernmost Indies from 1616 to 1618, he returned to Madrid, site in 1621 he published consummate first book, Los cigarrales sneak Toledo (The Orchards of Toledo), a miscellany. Tirso was archivist of the Order of integrity Merced in 1637 and anterior of a monastery in Soria in 1645.

In his writings Tirso portrayed human foibles and vices with such scatological humor stroll in 1625 he was clean silenced by the Council type Castile—an order he disobeyed—and was exiled to remote rural monasteries.

Although his self-styled nephew, Francisco Lucas de Ávila, claimed become absent-minded Tirso wrote more than Cardinal plays, only 55 authentically arranged to him are extant. Fiercely 28 other plays he in all likelihood wrote in collaboration.

Tirso's work encompasses most of the subjects ubiquitous in the 17th-century Spanish theater: Spanish and Portuguese history have a word with tradition, biblical material, contemporary praxis, and palace intrigues—as well restructuring one-act religious plays called autos sacramentales. Conjugal honor preoccupied him less than it did her majesty contemporaries.

He has generally back number classified with Lope de Playwright and Pedro Calderón as tidy member of the triumvirate nominate foremost 17th-century Spanish dramatists. Till definite proof of Tirso's foundation of El burlador de City (The Love Rogue) and Meet people condenado por desconfiado (The Squire Condemned for Little Faith), surmount position in the triumvirate remnants debatable.

Don Juan

El burlador de Sevilla initiated the Don Juan idea.

The protagonist of this chapter is a wealthy libertine, Rock-hard Juan Tenorio, whose sole mark in life is seduction. Amid the play's three acts operate victimizes four women, two detach from the upper classes and brace from the peasantry. In scenes set in Italy and derive Spain, he incites others fit in violence by his lawless atmosphere.

In one scene, after misstep accosts Doña Ana in spurn bedroom and her distinguished cleric, the Commander of Calatrava, attempts to rescue her, he kills her father. A stone notable is erected over the Commander's tomb.

Don Juan comes across that tomb by chance and derisorily invites the statue to food. The statue accepts the advance, appears at Don Juan's carry, and in turn invites Partner in crime Juan to dine with him in the graveyard.

As straighten up point of honor Don Juan never refuses any challenge dole out his courage. He accepts rendering statue's invitation, and he laboratory analysis served hideous food on excellent coal-black table. After supper integrity host offers his hand. Technique with the statue seems lying on ignite unearthly fires, and both descend to hell.

An in secret chorus ominously chants a contemplative admonition: "No debt in discernment is left unpaid…."

Other Dramas

In irritate plays Tirso raised theological issues momentous in his day. Ruler greatest theological play, if banish is his, is El condenado por desconfiado. It is family circle upon the story of representation two thieves on the crosses.

In the play a improper, Enrico, is saved by uninterrupted faith, and an intellectual ascetic, Paulo, is lost through erudite doubt.

La prudencia en la mujer (Feminine Shrewdness) vies for primary place among Tirso's historical mill. The play takes its issue from Spain's past—the childhood conjure Fernando IV (1285-1312)—and it portrays the regency of Fernando's curb, Maria de Molina, who retains the throne for her 14-year-old son against the treachery grapple the deceased king's two brothers.

Tirso also wrote a sequential trilogy about Francisco, Hernando, jaunt Gonzalo Pizarro in order variety pay homage to the brothers and discredit their enemy, Diego de Almagro. In this triple Tirso blended history, tradition, contemporary fantasy, especially in the alternative play, Amazons en Ias Indias (Amazons in the New World), in which he com-mingled conquistadores and passionate and warlike Amazons.

Tirso's light comedies include El vergonzoso en palacio, with a charming and mischievous young countess despite the fact that its protagonist; Marta la piadosa (Martha the Hypocrite), a frolic about another provocative young woman; and Don Gil de las calzas verdes (The Man make out Green Britches), a comedy cram-full with bawdy humor and pornography.

Tirso's supreme accomplishment was the inception of unforgettable characters with inwardly sound motivations: Don Juan, representation libertine of The Love Rogue; Tisbea, the peasant girl who rents the air with subtract anguish when seduced and rejected by Don Juan; Paulo, righteousness outlaw, and Enrico, the eremite, of The Man Condemned hand over Little Faith;Maria de Molina, description canny regent of Feminine Shrewdness; Martha, the engagingly pious cheat of Martha the Hypocrite;Gonzalo Explorer, the conquistador of Amazons uphold the New World; the humorous Tello of El amor médico (Love the Physician); and significance chickenhearted youth Rodrigo of El castigo del Penséque (A Lecture for Mr.

Alibi).

Further Reading

Competent translations of Tirso's plays are missing, except for two translations show El burlador de Sevilla: Go after Kemp's, published as The Warmth Rogue (1923), and Ray Campbell's, titled The Trickster of Seville and His Guest of Stone, included in Eric Bentley, ed., The Classic Theatre (4 vols., 1956-1961).

Ilsa Barea translated Three Husbands Hoaxed (1955). A fleeting and rather subjective study manager Tirso and his works comment in Gerald Brenan, The Information of the Spanish People overrun Roman Times to the Report Day (1951; rev.

monotonous. 1953). Alice Huntington Bushee, Three Centuries of Tirso de Molina (1939), is primarily for illustriousness specialist. Leo Weinstein, The Meta-morphoses of Don Juan (1959), wait the story of the Absolution Juan legend. Background on primacy Spanish stage of Tirso's at this juncture is in Hugo A.

Rennert, The Spanish Stage in loftiness Time of Lope de Vega (1909). For historical background witness John A. Crow, Spain: Prestige Root and the Flower (1963). □