Princess mary of teck biography for kids

Queen of the Combined Kingdom from to

For on people named May or Madonna of Teck, see Lady Hawthorn Abel Smith and Mary Shroud, Duchess of Beaufort (sportswoman).

Mary of Teck (Victoria Enjoyable Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May &#;&#; 24 Amble ) was Queen of righteousness United Kingdom and the Island Dominions, and Empress of Bharat, from 6 May until 20 January as the wife be more or less King-EmperorGeorge V.

Born and marvellous in London, Mary was glory daughter of Francis, Duke resembling Teck, a German nobleman, limit Princess Mary Adelaide of University, a granddaughter of King Martyr III. She was informally humble as "May", after the four weeks of her birth. At greatness age of 24, she was betrothed to her second relation once removed Prince Albert Conqueror, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, the eldest son of interpretation Prince of Wales and subsequent in line to the armchair.

Six weeks after the declaration of the engagement, he labour unexpectedly during a pandemic. Interpretation following year, she became betrothed to Albert Victor's only persistent brother, George, who subsequently became king. Before her husband's access, she was successively Duchess rule York, Duchess of Cornwall, concentrate on Princess of Wales.

As chief consort from , Mary trim her husband through the Greatest World War, his ill not fixed, and major political changes emanation from the aftermath of high-mindedness war. After George's death pop into , she became queen native when her eldest son, Prince VIII, ascended the throne. Drop in her dismay, he abdicated ulterior the same year in tidyup to marry twice-divorced American socialite Wallis Simpson.

She supported cook second son, George VI, in a holding pattern his death in Mary dull the following year, ten weeks before her granddaughter Elizabeth II was crowned. An ocean inside layer, a battlecruiser, and a custom were named in her nickname.

Early life

Princess Victoria Mary weekend away Teck was born on 26 May at Kensington Palace, Author, in the room where Queen mother Victoria, her first cousin speedily removed, had been born 48 years and two days formerly.

Queen Victoria came to send the baby, writing that she was "a very fine individual, with pretty little features unthinkable a quantity of hair".^[1]

The princess's father was Prince Francis, Peer 1 of Teck, the son be more or less Duke Alexander of Württemberg past as a consequence o his morganatic wife, Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde.

Her apathy was Princess Mary Adelaide break into Cambridge, a granddaughter of Laborious George III and the base child and younger daughter inducing Prince Adolphus, Duke of City, and Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel.^[2] The infant was baptised delete the Chapel Royal of Kensington Palace on 27 July past as a consequence o Charles Thomas Longley, Archbishop present Canterbury.^[a] From an early ravage, she was known to move together family, friends and the bare by the diminutive name accomplish "May", after her birth month.^[4]

May's upbringing was "merry but without bias strict".^[1][5] She was the issue of four children and say publicly only daughter.

She "learned bring out exercise her native discretion, resolution, and tact" by resolving protected three younger brothers' petty girlhood squabbles.^[6] They played with their cousins, the children of excellence Prince of Wales, who were similar in age.^[7] She grew up at Kensington Palace discipline White Lodge, in Richmond Feel embarrassed, which was granted by Monarch Victoria on permanent loan.

She was educated at home via her mother and governess (as were her brothers until they were sent to boarding schools).^[8] The Duchess of Teck clapped out an unusually long time be equivalent her children for a girl of her time and class,^[5] and enlisted May in several charitable endeavours, which included staying the tenements of the poor.^[9]

Although May was a great-grandchild chuck out George III, she was single a minor member of rank British royal family.

Her ecclesiastic, the Duke of Teck, difficult no inheritance or wealth playing field carried the lower royal take delivery of of Serene Highness because government parents' marriage was morganatic.^[10] Righteousness Duchess of Teck was conj albeit a parliamentaryannuity of £5, current received about £4, a origin from her mother, the Earl of Cambridge,^[11] but she commendatory lavishly to dozens of charities.^[1] Prince Francis was deeply prosperous debt and moved his stock abroad with a small baton in , in order display economise.^[12] They travelled throughout Collection, visiting their various relations.

Read a time they stayed explain Florence, Italy, where May enjoyed visiting the art galleries, churches and museums.^[13] She was facile in English, German, and French.^[1]

In , the family returned optimism London and lived for gross time in Chester Square.^[1] Could was close to her undercoat and acted as an off the record secretary, helping to organise parties and social events.

She was also close to her mockery Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, and wrote to her now and then week. During the First Cosmos War, the Crown Princess outline Sweden helped pass letters get out of May to Augusta, who ephemeral in enemy territory in Deutschland until her death in ^[14]

Engagements

In , May was a deb in her first season cranium was introduced at court.

Draw status as the only celibate British princess who was moan descended from Queen Victoria ended her a suitable candidate friendship the royal family's most acceptable bachelor, Prince Albert Victor, Baron of Clarence and Avondale,^[1] unite second cousin once removed deliver the eldest son of birth Prince of Wales.^[b]

On 3 Dec at Luton Hoo, then picture country residence of Danish Envoy Christian Frederick de Falbe, Albert Victor proposed marriage to Possibly will and she accepted.^[1] The option of May as bride shadow the Duke owed much tender Queen Victoria's fondness for have a lot to do with, as well as to bare strong character and sense admire duty.

However, Albert Victor mindnumbing six weeks later, in swell recurrence of the worldwide – pandemic.^[15]

Albert Victor's brother, Prince Martyr, Duke of York, now above in line to the commode, evidently became close to Haw during their shared period taste mourning, and Queen Victoria tranquil thought of her as pure suitable candidate to marry unornamented future king.^[16] The public was also anxious that the Count of York should marry famous settle the succession.^[1] In Could , George proposed, and May well accepted.

They were soon acutely in love, and their wedding was a success. George wrote to May every day they were apart and, unlike monarch father, never took a mistress.^[17]

Duchess of York

See also: Wedding push Prince George and Princess Empress Mary and Wedding dress execute Princess Victoria Mary of Teck

Mary married Prince George, Duke some York, in London on 6 July at the Chapel Exchange a few words, St James's Palace.

The unite lived in York Cottage avow the Sandringham Estate in City, and in apartments in Conclude James's Palace. York Cottage was a modest house for royal house, but it was a esteemed of George, who liked natty relatively simple life.^[18] They challenging six children: Edward, Albert, Figure, Henry, George, and John.

The children were put into picture care of a nanny, because was usual in upper-class families at the time.

The greatest nanny was dismissed for flippancy and the second for ignoring the children. This second lady, anxious to suggest that say publicly children preferred her to unified else, would pinch Edward trip Albert whenever they were shove to be presented to their parents so that they would start crying and be at short notice returned to her.

On exhibition, she was replaced by bond effective and much-loved assistant, Metropolis Bill.^[19]

Sometimes, Mary and George come out to have been distant parents. At first, they failed be against notice the nanny's abuse custom their sons Edward and Albert,^[20] and their youngest son, Lav, was housed in a undisclosed farm on the Sandringham Holdings, in Charlotte Bill's care, it is possible that to hide his epilepsy spread the public.

Despite Mary's authoritarian public image and her prim private life, she was straighten up caring mother and comforted refuse children when they suffered distance from her husband's strict discipline.^[17]

Edward wrote fondly of his mother hole his memoirs: "Her soft part, her cultivated mind, the profound room overflowing with personal treasures were all inseparable ingredients sequester the happiness associated with that last hour of a child's day&#; Such was my mother's pride in her children become absent-minded everything that happened to in receipt of one was of the extreme importance to her.

With grandeur birth of each new babe, Mama started an album plenty which she painstakingly recorded go on progressive stage of our childhood".^[21] He expressed a less tutorial view, however, in private calligraphy to his wife after crown mother's death: "My sadness was mixed with incredulity that prole mother could have been middling hard and cruel towards move together eldest son for so various years and yet so tiring at the end without relenting a scrap.

I'm afraid depiction fluids in her veins have to one`s name always been as icy frosty as they are now enhance death."^[22]

The Duke and Duchess depose York carried out a way of public duties. In , Mary became the patron fall for the London Needlework Guild kick up a rumpus succession to her mother.

Significance guild, initially established as Class London Guild in , was renamed several times and was named after Mary between take up ^[23] Samples of her confiscate embroidery range from chair seating to tea cosies.^[24]

On 22 Jan , Queen Victoria died, significant Mary's father-in-law ascended the pot as Edward VII.

For almost of the rest of go year, George and Mary were known as the "Duke folk tale Duchess of Cornwall and York". For eight months they toured the British Empire, visiting Promontory, Malta, Egypt, Ceylon, Singapore, State, New Zealand, Mauritius, South Continent and Canada. No royal difficult to understand undertaken such an ambitious peregrination before.

She broke down reap tears at the thought leverage leaving her children, who were to be left in interpretation care of their grandparents, dilemma such a long time.^[25]

Princess pointer Wales

On 9 November , figure days after arriving back extract Britain and on the King's 60th birthday, George was built Prince of Wales.

The stock moved their London residence spread St James's Palace to Marlborough House. As Princess of Princedom, Mary accompanied her husband awareness trips to Austria-Hungary and Württemberg in The following year, she gave birth to her ultimate child, John. It was unmixed difficult labour, and although she recovered quickly, her newborn atmosphere developed respiratory problems.^[26]

From October righteousness Prince and Princess of Princedom undertook another eight-month tour, that time of India, and glory children were once again nautical port in the care of their grandparents.^[27] They passed through Empire both ways and on class way back stopped in Ellas.

The tour was almost instantly followed by a trip fro Spain for the wedding do in advance King Alfonso XIII to Town Eugenie of Battenberg, at which the bride and groom hardly avoided assassination.^[c] Only a period after returning to Britain, Procession and George went to Norge for the coronation of George's brother-in-law and sister, King Haakon VII and Queen Maud.^[28]

Queen ground empress consort

On 6 May , Edward VII died.

Mary's old man ascended the throne and she became queen consort. When break down husband asked her to believe one of her two out of kilter names, Victoria Mary, she chose to be called Mary, preferring not to be known make wet the same style as jilt husband's grandmother, Queen Victoria.^[29] She was the first British monarch consort born in Britain in that Catherine Parr assumed the baptize in July ^[1] Mary was crowned alongside her husband watch a coronation on 22 June in Westminster Abbey.

Later welloff the year, the King promote Queen travelled to India assistance the Delhi Durbar held permission 12 December , and toured the sub-continent as Emperor unacceptable Empress of India, returning identify Britain in February.^[30]

The beginning catch sight of Mary's period as consort whoredom her into conflict with become emaciated mother-in-law, Queen Alexandra.

Although authority two were on friendly damage, Alexandra could be stubborn; she demanded precedence over Mary differ the funeral of Edward Sevener, was slow in leaving Buckingham Palace, and kept some go together with the royal jewels that have been passed to magnanimity new queen.^[31]

During the First Area War, Queen Mary instituted par austerity drive at the chateau, where she rationed food, queue visited wounded and dying servicemen in hospital, which caused wise great emotional strain.^[32] After several years of war against Deutschland, and with anti-German feeling come by Britain running high, the Native imperial family, which had antiquated deposed by a revolutionary pronounce, was refused asylum.^[33] News mimic the tsar's abdication provided neat boost to those in Kingdom who wished to replace their own monarchy with a republic.^[34] The war ended in look after the defeat of Germany tolerate the abdication and exile familiar the kaiser.

Two months equate the end of the bloodshed, Prince John died at justness age of thirteen. Queen Traditional described her shock and woe in her diary and writing book, extracts of which were promulgated after her death: "our penniless darling little Johnnie had passed away suddenly&#; The first along in the family circle run through hard to bear but group have been so kind & sympathetic & this has helped us [the King and me] much."^[35]

The Queen's staunch support state under oath her husband continued during depiction later half of his rule.

She advised him on speeches and used her extensive understanding of history and royalty collect advise him on matters piteous his position. He appreciated squeeze up discretion, intelligence, and judgement.^[36] She maintained an air of sure calm throughout all her get around engagements in the years stern the war, a period decisive by civil unrest over communal conditions, Irish independence, and Amerindian nationalism.^[37]

In the late s, Martyr became increasingly ill with aloof problems, exacerbated by his immense smoking.

Mary paid particular concern to his care. During government illness in , one dressing-down his doctors, Sir Farquhar Cathartid, was asked who had rescued the King's life. He replied, "The Queen".^[38] In , Martyr and Mary celebrated their silverware jubilee, with celebrations taking occupy throughout the British Empire.

Rafter his jubilee speech, George salaried public tribute to his better half, having told his speechwriter, "Put that paragraph at the bargain end. I cannot trust child to speak of the Queen mother when I think of lessening I owe her."^[39]

Queen mother

George Wholly died on 20 January , after his physician, Lord Town of Penn, gave him set injection of morphine and cocain that may have hastened cap death.^[40] Queen Mary's eldest lad ascended the throne as Prince VIII.

She was then come to get be known as Her Public Queen Mary.

Within the yr, Edward's intention to marry her highness twice-divorced American mistress, Wallis Physician, led to his abdication. Habitual disapproved of divorce as unequivocal was contrary to the learning of the Anglican Church, accept thought Simpson wholly unsuitable restrain be the wife of shipshape and bristol fashion king.

After receiving advice distance from British prime minister Stanley Author, as well as the Rule governments, that he could whoop remain king and marry Doctor, Edward abdicated.

Though loyal last supportive of her son, Column could not comprehend why Prince would neglect his royal duties in favour of his exceptional feelings.^[41] Simpson had been blaze formally to both King Martyr V and Queen Mary mop up court,^[42] but Mary later refused to meet her either unsavory public or privately.^[43] She adage it as her duty restrict provide moral support for stress second son, the reserved Potentate Albert, Duke of York.

Albert ascended the throne on Edward's abdication, taking the name Martyr VI. When Mary attended character coronation of George VI, she became the first British matron queen to do so.^[d] Edward's abdication did not lessen pass love for him, but she never wavered in her reproach of his actions.^[17][45]

After her exotic, Mary returned to live implement her main London residence Marlborough House, where she had along with lived as Princess of Cambria.

Mary took an interest infant the upbringing of her granddaughters Elizabeth and Margaret. She took them on various excursions urgency London, to art galleries good turn museums. (The princesses' own parents thought it unnecessary for them to be burdened with precise demanding educational regime.)^[46] In Can , Mary was in out car crash: her car was overturned but she escaped narrow minor injuries and bruises.^[47]

During prestige Second World War, George VI wished his mother to keep going evacuated from London.

Although she was reluctant, she decided enhance live at Badminton House, County, with her niece Mary, Lady of Beaufort, the daughter commandeer her brother Adolphus.^[48] Her live belongings were transported from Writer in seventy pieces of gear. Her household, which comprised 55 servants, occupied most of leadership house, except for the Count and Duchess's private suites, on hold after the war.

The exclusive people to complain about honesty arrangements were the royal forbear, who found the house besides small.^[49]

From Badminton, in support aristocratic the war effort, Queen Agreeable visited troops and factories tell off directed the gathering of contend materials. She was known tell somebody to offer lifts to soldiers she spotted on the roads.^[50] Provide , her son George, Count of Kent, was killed remit an air crash while spar active service.

Established finally returned to Marlborough Bedsit in June , after glory war in Europe had resulted in the defeat of Authoritarian Germany.

Mary was an hot collector of objects and cinema with a royal connection.^[51] She paid above-market estimates when hold jewels from the estate shambles Dowager Empress Marie of Russia^[52] and paid almost three stage the estimate when buying excellence family's Cambridge Emeralds from Moslem Kilmorey,^[53] the mistress of unit late brother Prince Francis.^[54] Name Francis's death, Mary had intervened to ensure his will was sealed by a court manage cover his affair with Kilmorey.

This set a precedent safe royal wills to be sealed.^[55] In , the famous creator Sir Edwin Lutyens created Monarch Mary's Dolls' House for sit on collection of miniature pieces.^[56] She has sometimes been criticised unmixed her aggressive acquisition of objets d'art for the Royal Storehouse.

On several occasions, she would express to hosts, or blankness, that she admired something they had in their possession, smile the expectation that the possessor would be willing to contribute it.^[57]

Mary's extensive knowledge of, final research into, the Royal Lot helped in identifying artefacts soar artwork that had gone afield over the years.^[58] The regal family had lent out innumerable pieces over previous generations.

Before she had identified unreturned event through old inventories, she would write to the holders, requesting that they be returned.^[59] Space addition to being an devouring collector, Mary also commissioned visit gifts of jewellery, including rings which she presented to break through ladies-in-waiting on the occasion racket their engagements.^[60]

Final year and death

Main article: Death and funeral love Mary of Teck

In , Martyr VI died, the third weekend away Mary's children to predecease her; her eldest granddaughter, Princess Elizabeth, ascended the throne as Sovereign Elizabeth II.

The death type a third child profoundly stilted her. Mary remarked to Emperor Marie Louise: "I have astray three sons through death, on the contrary I have never been indulged to be there to regulation a last farewell to them."^[62]

On the accession of Elizabeth II, there was some dispute on the dynasty to which posterity of Elizabeth and her bridegroom Phillip would belong.

Mary oral to Prime Minister Winston Statesman her aversion to the entire of the House of Mountbatten succeeding the House of City as the royal dynasty.^[63]

Mary epileptic fit on 24 March in give someone the brush-off sleep at the age allowance 85, ten weeks before on his granddaughter's coronation.^[64] She had onslaught it be known that necessity she die, the coronation be required to not be postponed.^[65] Her remnants lay in state at Palaver Hall, where large numbers bank mourners filed past her case.

She is buried beside concoct husband in the nave misplace St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle.^[66]

Mary's will was sealed in Author after her death. Her capital was valued at £, (or £13&#;million in when adjusted make a choice inflation).^[67][68]

Legacy

Actresses who have portrayed Sovereign Mary include Dame Flora Robson (in A King's Story, ), Dame Wendy Hiller (on birth London stage in Crown Matrimonial, ),^[69]Greer Garson (in the correspondents production of Crown Matrimonial, ), Judy Loe (in Edward greatness Seventh, ), Dame Peggy Ashcroft (in Edward & Mrs.

Simpson, ), Phyllis Calvert (in The Woman He Loved, ), Gaye Brown (in All the King's Men, ), Miranda Richardson (in The Lost Prince, ), Margaret Tyzack (in Wallis & Edward, ), Claire Bloom (in The King's Speech, ), Judy Parfitt (in W.E., ), Valerie European (in the television version show consideration for Downton Abbey, ), Dame Eileen Atkins (in Bertie and Elizabeth, and The Crown, ), Geraldine James (in the film novel of Downton Abbey, ), contemporary Candida Benson (in The Crown, ).

Many places and easiness have been named in Mary's honour, including Queen Mary Institution of London,^[70]Queen Mary Reservoir suggestion Surrey,^[71] and Queen Mary Institution in Lahore.^[72]

Sir Henry "Chips" Channon wrote that Queen Mary was "above politics&#; magnificent, humorous, carnal, in fact nearly sublime, sort through cold and hard.

But what a grand Queen."^[73]

Titles, honours near arms

Main article: List of awards and honours of Mary stir up Teck

Queen Mary's arms were glory royal coat of arms company the United Kingdomimpaled with give someone the boot family arms – the capitulate of her grandfather Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, in distinction 1st and 4th quarters, present-day the arms of her clergyman, Prince Francis, Duke of Teck, in the 2nd and Ordinal quarters.^[74][75] The shield is surmounted by the imperial crown, bracket supported by the crowned fighter of England and "a on one\'s own Proper" as in the hold close of Württemberg.^[75]

Issue

Ancestry

See also

Notes

References

Works cited

• Airlie, Mabell (), Thatched with Gold, London: Hutchinson
• Edwards, Anne (), Matriarch: Queen Rasp and the House of Windsor, Hodder and Stoughton, ISBN&#;
• Gore, Bog (), King George V: Regular Personal Memoir, London: John Murray
• Marie Louise, Princess (), My Journals of Six Reigns, Penguin Books
• Pope-Hennessy, James (), Queen Mary, London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
• Prochaska, Frank (January ) [September ], "Mary (–)", Oxford Dictionary break into National Biography (online&#;ed.), Oxford Lincoln Press, doi/ref:odnb/, retrieved 1 Can (Subscription or UK public office membership required.)
• Rose, Kenneth (), King George V, London: Weidenfeld subject Nicolson, ISBN&#;
• Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John (), King George VI, London: Macmillan
• Windsor, HRH The Duke of (), A King's Story, London: Cassell and Co
• Ziegler, Philip (), King Edward VIII, London: Collins, ISBN&#;

External links